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Glossary

ABAWD (able-bodied adult without dependents)

An adult age 18–49 without children or other dependents who is expected to work or participate in work activities to receive certain benefits.

An ABAWD is an able-bodied adult without dependents—generally someone age 18 to 49 with no children or other people they're responsible for. The term matters mainly for SNAP (the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program).

In most states, ABAWDs must work or participate in work activities for at least 20 hours per week to stay on SNAP. Work activities can include a job, job training, or volunteering. Some states have different rules or offer exemptions. If you're an ABAWD and can't meet the work requirement, you may still be able to get SNAP—it's worth applying to see what options exist in your state.

Applying for SNAP is always free, and only the agency decides who qualifies.

Programs where this matters

SNAPUSDA Food and Nutrition ServiceSNAP gives monthly benefits on an EBT card to help households with low income buy food.TANFHHS Administration for Children and FamiliesTANF gives cash help and support services to families with children who have low income. Each state runs its own program.UnemploymentUS Department of Labor / state workforce agenciesUnemployment insurance pays temporary cash benefits to workers who lose their jobs and meet their state's rules.